Superficial correction of errors and inconsistencies in the text and layout. No major rewriting or restructuring of sentences. This is the final polish and happens before formatting or publishing.

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• Corrects errors and inconsistencies in grammar, spelling, and punctuation, and flags larger issues missed during previous rounds of edits.

• Flags layout issues in a formatted PDF proof (e.g., bad breaks, ladders, widows, orphans, loose/tight lines).

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Corrections are directly made into the file, either in Word or PDF. Changes are tracked and comments are added using Word's tracking function. If the file is a formatted PDF proof, changes will be marked using proofreader marks and text boxes via Adobe Acrobat.

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Chicago style (17th edition) and Merriam-Webster dictionary are followed unless otherwise requested.

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Takes place after Content Editing. Focuses on adherence to grammar and style rules.

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• Corrects technical inconsistencies and errors in spelling, grammar, capitalization, punctuation, formatting, syntax, and word use.

• Deals with awkward phrasing, redundancies, and overused expressions.

• Takes care of inconsistencies in the story, including character description, plot points, and setting. For example, does a character have blue eyes on p. 40 but green eyes on p. 67?

• Performs general fact-checking.

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Depending on the condition of the manuscript or the author's request, edits may be LIGHT or HEAVY, with the former adopting a more light-handed approach.

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In LIGHT copyediting, basic corrections will be made directly into the file, whereas suggested revisions will be likely added as a comment. In HEAVY copyediting, both basic corrections and suggested revisions will be made directly into the file. 

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Changes are tracked and comments are added using Word's tracking function.

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Chicago style (17th edition) and Merriam-Webster dictionary are followed unless otherwise requested.

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Typically includes a round of proofreading after author revision, for a total of 2 rounds.

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For fiction, this service focuses on creative issues with elements such as plot, theme, point of view, characters, pace, and conflict. Is the plot well developed and organized? Are the subplots well integrated? Is there good storytelling? Are dialogues snappy? Does the story move at a good pace? Are the characters relatable and are their behaviors or motivations believable? Are the stakes high enough? Does the beginning have a good hook? Is the conclusion not abrupt?

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For nonfiction, this looks into whether messages are clear, focused, and communicated well (not redundant, rambling, or contradictory). Are ideas cohesive? Do they have good flow and organization? Are there unanswered questions? Are statements accurate and properly sourced? Is the tone consistent throughout?
 

This service has two components: DEVELOPMENT NOTES and LINE EDITING.

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In DEVELOPMENT NOTES, big-picture guidance is offered through an editorial report containing general and specific suggestions. Apart from comments, no edits will be added to the manuscript. This may also be called manuscript evaluation.

In LINE EDITING, substantive edits are performed, which could involve adding, cutting, rearranging, or rephrasing sentences, while using the author's voice and preserving their intent, to improve flow, clean up paragraphs, fill in holes, or punch up scenes. Changes may be made directly into the file or included as comments.

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Changes are tracked and comments are added using Word's tracking function.

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Chicago style (17th edition) and Merriam-Webster dictionary are followed unless otherwise requested.

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The rate includes a round of copyediting after line editing, for a total of 3 rounds. Proofreading is not included and is recommended. You may choose DEVELOPMENT NOTES only for $0.006/word and a turnaround of 1-2 weeks.

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Click here for inquiries and a custom quote.

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• Formatting of e-book and print versions using Vellum. Prior manuscript evaluation is required. Includes 1 revision ($45)

• Evaluation of existing plot outline ($65)

• Transcription of audio or video files to Word or converting a hard copy into digital ($45/hr)

• Translation of Tagalog to English, or vice versa ($45/hr)

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Click here for inquiries and a custom quote.